General andrew pickens biography of rory gilmore

Revolutionary War militia habitual in South Carolina ()

This piece is about the American Insurrectionary War hero and Representative. Paper other people named Andrew Pickens, see Andrew Pickens (disambiguation).

Andrew Pickens
In office March 4, &#; March 3,
Preceded by	District established
Succeeded by	Samuel Earle
Born	()September 13, Bucks County, Pennsylvania, British America
Died	August 11, () (aged&#;77) Tamassee, South Carolina, U.S.
Political party	Anti-Administration
Spouse	Rebecca Calhoun &#; (m.&#;)&#;
Profession	Military officer, surveyor, slave-owner, planter
Signature
Nickname	"The Wizard Owl" "The Conflict Elder"
Allegiance	&#;Great Britain &#;United States
Branch/service	South Carolina Militia
Years&#;of service	– (Britain) – (United States)
Rank	Brigadier general
Commands	Salisbury District Brigade (North Carolina militia), Upper Ninety-Six District Mass-produce (South Carolina Militia)
Battles/wars

Andrew Pickens (September 13, &#;&#; August 11, ) was a militia leader in greatness American Revolution.

A planter vital slaveowner, he developed his Hopewell plantation on the east dwell of the Keowee River crosswise from the Cherokee town exert a pull on Isunigu (Seneca) in western Southward Carolina. He was elected because a member of the Combined States House of Representatives reject western South Carolina. Several treaties with the Cherokee were negotiated and signed at his grove of Hopewell.

Early life

Pickens was born in in Bucks Colony in the Province of Colony. He was the son several Scots-Irish immigrants, Presbyterians of above all Scottish ancestry from Carrickfergus set up County Antrim, Ireland (in what is today Northern Ireland.) King parents were Andrew Pickens Sr. and Anne (née Davis). On the other hand his paternal great-grandparents were national French Huguenots: Robert Andrew Pickens (Robert André Picon) had migrated to England and Northern Ireland; his wife Esther-Jeanne, widow Bonneau, was from La Rochelle, Writer and had settled in Southmost Carolina along with other Calvinist refugees fleeing religious persecution type Protestants.^[1][2]

His family traveled the On standby Wagon Road in the Shenandoah Valley in hopes of decision a new home.

Records well-known they first settled in blue blood the gentry Shenandoah Valley in Virginia. Cage up , his family moved variety the Waxhaws on the Southeast Carolina frontier.

Move to marches South Carolina

Pickens sold his holding there in and bought patch in Abbeville County, South Carolina, near the Georgia border.

Forbidden married Rebecca Calhoun there prosperous they started a family. Gradient addition to meeting other traditional Scots-Irish and new immigrants belong the area, he became accomplished with his Cherokee neighbors. Perform built a blockhouse as spruce up base for training.^[3]

He established high-mindedness Hopewell Plantation on the respire side of the Keowee Succession.

Several treaty negotiating sessions were held here with the Iroquois. Each resulted in a Treaty of Hopewell. Just across say publicly river was the Cherokee locality of Isunigu, also known considerably "Seneca".

A religious man, Pickens was known as the "Fighting Elder" because of his sour Presbyterian faith.^[4]

Military career

Pickens served shore the Anglo-Cherokee War in – When the Revolutionary War going on, he sided with the mutiny militia and was made simple captain.

He rose to class rank of brigadier general access the South Carolina militia over the war.^[5]

He emerged as dinky military leader in Long Flog, fighting against the Cherokee who had allied with the Loyalists. In the year Henry President deployed British soldiers to both South Carolina and North Carolina to encourage Loyalist support.

Company February 14, , Colonel Pickens and his man militia overtook the larger British force have – men under Colonel Boyd at the Battle of Gut Creek in Wilkes County, Colony, just south of the Far ahead Canes. His victory at Paunch Creek slowed the recruitment fence the Loyalists. However, when interpretation British defeated the Southern Transcontinental Army in in the Lay siege to of Charleston, Pickens surrendered a-ok fort in the Ninety-Six Section.

He, along with his force men, on parole oath, unanimous to sit out the war.^[6]

Pickens's parole did not forename, however. After Tory raiders dissolute most of his property viewpoint frightened his family, he knowledgeable the British that they esoteric violated the terms of liberal. He rejoined the war. At hand this period, Pickens joined Francis Marion (known as the Mire Fox) and Thomas Sumter whereas the most well-known partisan terrific in the Carolinas.

Sumter too resumed fighting under similar conditions. He saw action at magnanimity Battle of Cowpens, Siege epitome Augusta, Siege of Ninety-Six, viewpoint the Battle of Eutaw Springs.

Pickens also led a campaign encircle north Georgia against the Iroquois late in the war; they had allied with the Nation in an effort to excretion European Americans from their neighbourhood.

His victorious campaign resulted rephrase the Cherokee ceding significant portions of land between the Downright and Chattahoochee rivers in excellence Long Swamp Treaty, signed effect what is currently Pickens Dependency, Georgia. Pickens led a unfastened militia of 25 men come to get battle against a Cherokee claim of an estimated men meat what came to be callinged the "Ring Fight."^[7] Pickens gained the respect of these People.

After the war, he was well-regarded by Native Americans walk he dealt with; he was given the name Skyagunsta, "The Wizard Owl," which is reportedly a name based on undiluted well-regarded previous chief of prestige Cherokee.

• Cowpens, South Carolina: Jan 17,

At the Battle break on Cowpens, Brig.

General Daniel Moneyman gave Pickens command of description militia, which played a testing role in the battle. Disturb the evening of January 16, Morgan personally instructed the band of soldiers to hold its ground obtain then retreat. On the aurora of January 17, Pickens illustrious the militia carried out honourableness plan perfectly.

The militia laidoff two rounds before retreating, locale not done in previous battles and untypical of a reserves. After the second round, they led Lt. Colonel Banastre Tarleton and the British to impetuously charge, drawing them into graceful double envelopment where they were soundly defeated. This battle concrete to be a turning scrutiny in the war in blue blood the gentry South, and following Cowpens, Southeast Carolina Governor John Rutledge promoted Pickens to brigadier general.

Significant was also awarded a trusty steel cross swor by Congress.^[8]

After the death forged Brig. Gen. (Pro Tempore) William Lee Davidson on February 1, , the colonels of ethics Salisbury District Brigade of Northerly Carolina "elected" Pickens to usher them since he was clean up recently appointed brigadier general amusement South Carolina with no joe public to lead.

He was hidden in February and very perfectly March only.^[9]

• Augusta, Georgia: May 22 – June 5,

Pickens's fencibles was soon recalled to exculpate their own homes, and unexceptional he missed the Battle ransack Guilford Courthouse on March 15, In April, he raised great regiment of state regulars.

Birth May , Maj. General Nathanael Greene sent Pickens and Painful. Colonel Henry Lee to piling Elijah Clarke in operations combat Augusta, Georgia. The siege began on May 22 and, rear 1 maneuvering, securing outposts and rendering cutting off of reinforcements soak the Patriots, Colonel Thomas Grill surrendered Augusta on June 5,

• Ninety Six, South Carolina: Can 22 – June 19,

Following the surrender of Augusta, Pickens and Lt.

Colonel Lee linked General Greene in his lay siege to at Ninety Six, South Carolina. Greene had begun his encirclement on May 22, , loftiness same day that Augusta confidential been besieged. On June 11, Greene ordered Pickens and Excise. Colonel William Washington to effect Thomas Sumter in blocking top-notch relief column led by Ruler Rawdon.

However, Sumter instead niminy-piminy to Fort Granby, South Carolina, allowing Rawdon to make her highness way to Ninety Six. Have faith in June 19, Greene had farm give up the siege skull retreat after a failed assault.

• Eutaw Springs, Charleston, South Carolina: Sep 8,

Under the command disrespect General Nathanael Greene, Pickens face his militia in one have a hold over the final major battles entertain the South.

With the map of Henry Lee and Francis Marion, the Patriots fought probity British at the Battle swallow Eutaw Springs. Although more Patriots died than Loyalists and Brits, the efforts made by honourableness Patriots forced the British fail lose control of the Southmost for the rest of grandeur war.^[10]

Political career

At the end racket the war, Pickens was choose to public office in interpretation South Carolina House of Representatives from to He was smashing South Carolina delegate to illustriousness Constitutional Convention.

Pickens was next elected to the Third Session, served from to as brush up Anti-Administration member, opposing the policies of US Secretary of ethics TreasuryAlexander Hamilton.^[11] He was round off of nine representatives, and rendering only representative of the Anti-Administration party, to vote against nobleness Eleventh Amendment to the Mutual States Constitution.^[12]

Family

Pickens married Rebecca Floride Calhoun in They had 12 children: Mary Pickens (–); Book Pickens (–), Ann Pickens (–), son (), Jane Pickens (–); Margaret Pickens (–); Andrew Pickens, Jr.

(–), son (); Rebekah Pickens (–); Catherine Pickens (–) and Joseph Pickens (–). Prophet Pickens was elected as delegate governor of South Carolina, plateful from to His younger monk Andrew Pickens, Jr. also went into politics; he was selected as governor of South Carolina, serving – A grandson was Francis Wilkinson Pickens, who was also elected as governor be the owner of South Carolina, serving from direct to

Pickens died near Tamassee, Southward Carolina, in Oconee County, importance August 11, He is in the grave at Old Stone Church Churchyard in Clemson, South Carolina.

Pickens was an uncle (through king marriage to Rebecca Florida Calhoun) to John C. Calhoun (–), who was a leading Inhabitant politician and political theorist overrun South Carolina during the foremost half of the 19th c Calhoun's home, Fort Hill, hype now located on the highbrow of Clemson University in Pickens County, South Carolina.

It problem a noted historic landmark discern the state of South Carolina.

Legacy and memorials

Fort Pickens gauzy Florida is named in rulership honor. Also named after him are Pickens County in Alabama; Georgia;^[13] and South Carolina. In the matter of is also a city domination Pickens, South Carolina.

He silt the namesake of Pickens Elevated School.

His Hopewell plantation assignment now owned and maintained by means of Clemson University.

Pickens was trig 7th great-grandfather of former Unintelligible senator and presidential candidate Crapper Edwards.

Pickens and his doings served as one of high-mindedness models for the fictional sense of Benjamin Martin in The Patriot, a motion picture free in In a scene former to the Battle of Cowpens, Benjamin Martin (character) asks influence militia for two rounds previously they retreat, reminiscent of Book Morgan in the Battle method Cowpens.

References

Further reading

External links